Policy implementation to significantly reduce amount of retardants, use only non-toxic alternatives and potentially exclude retardant use within key watersheds.

Utilize manual fuel breaks so that excessive fire retardant unnecessary to hold lines (also benefits employment).

Increasing local fire capacity making reliance on retardants unnecessary.

Additional research on impacts of retardants and alternatives.

Return historic cultural fire regimes: Low intensity fires benefit stream flows as they clear out brush that uptakes water, high...

Expand tribal management authority/program capacity to enable cultural burning and managed wildfire as acute emergency responses.