Restore habitat diversity and riparian ecosystem function throughout the Nooksack River watershed using methods demonstrated to ameliorate the negative impacts of climate change on salmon. Beechie et al. (2012) also evaluated the efficacy of different restoration actions to ameliorate the impacts of climate change and increase salmon resilience in the face of these changes. Their findings indicate that some restoration methods are more likely than others to achieve and sustain multiple benefits for salmon over the long-term, these methods include restoring longitudinal, lateral, and vertical connectivity and restoring stream flow regimes. Table 5.5 identifies restoration actions and their ability to ameliorate climate change effects (Beechie et al. 2012). One of the core principles behind these findings is that increasing habitat diversity serves to increase diversity in salmon, which may increase the resilience of salmon populations to climate change. This conclusion is supported by other researchers, including Wade et al. (2013) who state: “Steelhead and salmon have evolved for millions of years and have long thrived under changing climatic conditions when provided access to a connected array of varied habitats that support genetic and life history diversity.” It should be noted that some restoration actions evaluated by Beechie et al. (2012), such as instream rehabilitation (e.g., adding large woody debris, adding spawning gravel, recreating meanders), were determined to have context-dependent effects pertaining to climate change; this does not negate the positive outcomes of such actions on improving ecological conditions (e.g., increasing salmon habitat and production) over the near-term.